Nutrition & Oral Hydration

Know common therapeutic diets: low-sodium for hypertension/heart failure, low-potassium for renal disease, high-fiber for constipation/diverticulosis, low-fiber/low-residue during a diverticulitis flare, and consistent-carbohydrate diets for diabetes. For dysphagia, thickened liquids and an upright/chin-tuck positioning during meals reduce aspiration risk — nectar-thick or honey-thick consistencies are common orders, and thin liquids are typically the highest aspiration risk.